FACT BOOK 2023
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Steelmaking Operations
Steel Trading
1. Topics related to recent steel trading (as of May 2023)
(1) Overview
Trade conflicts related to steel products have been increasing since 2008, but decreased in 2022 to 5 Anti-Dumping ("AD") investigations that were initiated throughout the world (15 cases in 2021). Major target countries are China(3 cases), Turkey(2 cases). As for Japan, 1 case was initiated since 2022.
Moreover, since March 2018, the U.S. has been continuing to impose 25% tariff on the imports of steel articles based on Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962, but it has introduced “tariff rate quota” to partially remove existing 25% tariff on imports of steel products from European Union (starting January 1, 2022) and Japan (starting April 1, 2022).
Also, mainly in the Asian region, protective measures regarding import of steel products, such as mandatory standards (imported products to be required to conform to importing countries' standards for protection of health and safety or for preservation of environment) and pre-shipping inspection requirements, have been prevalent.
(2) AD measures against Japan in the iron and steel industry around the world
| Plaintiff country | Target product type and progress ("SSR" stands for "Sunset Review.") |
|---|---|
| U.S.A. | Clad steel: A measure was started in July 1996. |
| Stainless steel wire rods: A measure was started in September 1998. | |
| Stainless steel sheets: A measure was started in July 1999.The SSR has been initiated since December 2022. | |
| Seamless steel pipes (large diameter): A measure was started in June 2000. | |
| Seamless steel pipes (small diameter): A measure was started in June 2000. | |
| Tinplates/tin-free steel: A measure was started in August 2000. | |
| Large-diameter welded line pipes: A measure was started in December 2001. | |
| Nickel-plated steel sheets: A measure was started in May 2014. | |
| Non grain oriented electrical steel: A measure was started in November 2014. | |
| Cold-rolled steel sheets: A measure was started in June 2016. | |
| Hot-rolled steel sheets: A measure was started in September 2016. | |
| Plates: A measure was started in May 2017. | |
| Concrete reinforcing bars: A measure was started in June 2017. | |
| Canada | Plates: A measure was started in May 2014. |
| Certain large diameter line pipe: A measure was started in October 2016. | |
| Concrete reinforcing bars: A measure was started in May 2017. | |
| Mexico | Seamless steel pipes: A measure was started in November 2000. |
| Plates: A measure was started in April 2019. | |
| EU | Grain oriented electrical steel: A measure was started in October 2015. |
| China | Grain oriented electrical steel: A measure was started in July 2016. |
| Stainless billet and stainless steel hot-rolled steel sheets & coils: A measure was started in July 2019. | |
| Korea | Stainless steel plates: A measure was started in April 2011. |
| Stainless steel bars: A measure was started in July 2004. | |
| Thailand | Stainless steel cold-rolled sheets: A measure was started in March 2003. |
| Hot-rolled steel sheet & plates: A measure was started in May 2003. | |
| Indonesia | Cold-rolled steel sheets: A measure was started in March 2013. The SSR has been initiated since September 2015. (No duty since March 2016) |
| Malaysia | Cold-rolled steel sheets（wide）: A measure was started in December 2019. |
| Cold-rolled steel sheets（narrow）：A measure was started in January 2023 | |
| India | Electrogalvanized steel : A measure was started in October 2022. |
| Australia | Shaped steel: A measure was started in November 2014. |
| Plates (Quenched and tempered ) : A measure was started in November 2014. |
(3) Negotiations on economic partnership agreements (items related to the reduction of tariffs on steel products in the partner country)
| April 2005 | The Japan/Mexico Economic Partnership Agreement came into effect.
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|---|---|
| July 2006 | The Japan/Malaysia Economic Partnership Agreement came into effect.
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| November 2007 | The Japan/Thailand Economic Partnership Agreement came into effect.
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| July 2008 | The Japan/Indonesia Economic Partnership Agreement came into effect.
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| December 2008 | The Japan/Philippines Economic Partnership Agreement came into effect.
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| October 2009 | The Japan/Vietnam Economic Partnership Agreement came into effect.
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| August 2011 | The Japan/India Economic Partnership Agreement came into effect.
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| January 2015 | The Japan/Australia Economic Partnership Agreement came into effect.
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| December 2018 | The Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP11) came into effect among the following 6 countries-Mexico, Japan, Singapore, New Zealand, Canada and Australia, followed by Vietnam in January 2019, Peru in September 2021, Malaysia in November 2022, Chile in February 2023.
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| February 2019 | The Japan/EU Economic Partnership Agreement came into effect.
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| January 2021 | The Japan-UK Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement came into effect.
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| January 2022 | Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) Agreement came into effect among the following 10 countries-Brunei, Cambodia, China, Japan, Laos, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam, Australia and New Zealand, followed by Korea in February 2022 Malaysia in March 2022 and Indonesia in January 2023.
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(4) Steel dialogues
| March 2016 | The 12th Japan/EU Steel Dialogue was held (in Tokyo). |
|---|---|
| May 2017 | The 7th Japan/Indonesia Steel Dialogue was held (in Indonesia). |
| July 2017 | The 17th Japan/Taiwan Steel Dialogue was held (in Taipei). |
| September 2017 | The 23rd Japan/China Steel Dialogue was held (in Beijing). |
| November 2017 | The 18th Japan/Korea Steel Dialogue was held (in Seoul). |
| November 2017 | The 15th Japan/Thailand Steel Dialogue was held (in Bangkok). |
| August 2018 | The 24th Japan/China Steel Dialogue was held (in Tokyo). |
| September 2018 | The 18th Japan/Taiwan Steel Dialogue was held (in Tokyo). |
| October 2018 | The 8th Japan/Indonesia Steel Dialogue was held (in Tokyo). |
| November 2018 | The 19th Japan/Korea Steel Dialogue was held (in Tokyo). |
| December 2018 | The 16th Japan/Thailand Steel Dialogue was held (in Tokyo). |
| August 2019 | The 19th Japan/Taiwan Steel Dialogue was held (in Tokyo). |
| February 2020 | The 17th Japan/Thailand Steel Dialogue was held (in Bangkok). |
| November 2020 | The 20th Japan/Taiwan Steel Dialogue was held(Web meeting). |
| December 2020 | The 18th Japan/Thailand Steel Dialogue was held(Web meeting). |
| March 2021 | The 9th Japan/Indonesia Steel Dialogue was held(Web meeting). |
| October 2021 | The 25th Japan/China Steel Dialogue was held(Web meeting). |
| November 2021 | The 21st Japan/Taiwan Steel Dialogue was held(Web meeting). |
| February 2022 | The 19th Japan/Thailand Steel Dialogue was held(Web meeting). |
| June 2022 | The 10th Japan/Indonesia Steel Dialogue was held(Web meeting). |
| October 2022 | The 22nd Japan/Taiwan Steel Dialogue was held(Web meeting). |
| October 2022 | The 26th Japan/China Steel Dialogue was held(Web meeting). |